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Pelvic floor health · 6 min read

Urinary incontinence in women: types and treatment

Bladder leakage is common but not something you have to live with. Here are the main types of incontinence and the treatments that genuinely help.

Dr Susan WhitlockUpdated July 2026
Medically reviewed by Dr Susan Whitlock, AHPRA-registered GP — Last reviewed July 2026
Urinary incontinence in women: types and treatment

Common, but not something to just accept

Urinary incontinence — leaking urine involuntarily — is very common in women, especially after childbirth and around menopause. It's so common that many women assume it's just a normal part of ageing or motherhood and put up with it. But while it's common, it's not something you simply have to live with: it's very treatable.

Leakage can affect exercise, work, intimacy and confidence, so getting help can make a real difference to daily life.

The main types

Stress incontinence is leaking with coughing, sneezing, laughing, lifting or exercise — caused by a weakened pelvic floor. Urge incontinence (overactive bladder) is a sudden, strong need to wee with leakage before you reach the toilet. Many women have a mix of both. Less commonly, leakage happens because the bladder doesn't empty properly. Knowing the type guides the treatment.

A GP can usually work out the type from your symptoms and a simple assessment, sometimes with a bladder diary.

What helps

Treatment depends on the type, but often starts with pelvic floor exercises (very effective for stress incontinence), bladder training (for urge incontinence), and simple changes like managing fluids and caffeine and treating constipation. A pelvic floor physiotherapist can be invaluable. If needed, there are medications and, in some cases, procedures or surgery. After menopause, vaginal oestrogen sometimes helps.

You don't have to manage this alone or in silence. A telehealth consult is a discreet way to get assessed and start a plan that works for you.

References & sources

This content is general information and not a substitute for individual medical advice. Please consult a GP for your personal situation.

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