What is a UTI?
A urinary tract infection (UTI) occurs when bacteria enter the urinary tract, causing inflammation. Symptoms include a burning sensation when you wee, needing to go urgently or frequently, cloudy or strong-smelling urine, and lower abdominal discomfort.
Most UTIs are bladder infections (cystitis) and are easily treated with a short course of antibiotics. If left untreated, they can occasionally spread to the kidneys, which is more serious.
Treatment options
For uncomplicated UTIs, a GP can often diagnose based on symptoms alone and prescribe antibiotics — sometimes without needing a urine test. For recurrent or atypical cases, a urine culture may be arranged to identify the specific bacteria and guide treatment.
Drinking plenty of water and taking urinary alkalinisers (like Ural) can help ease symptoms while the antibiotics take effect. Most people feel better within a day or two of starting treatment.
When to seek urgent care
See a doctor promptly if you have fever, chills, back or flank pain, vomiting, or blood in your urine — these can indicate a kidney infection. In an emergency, call 000.
If you get UTIs frequently (more than 2–3 per year), talk to your GP about a prevention plan. This may include lifestyle measures, a low-dose preventive antibiotic, or investigating underlying causes.
Related condition
UTIs →References & sources
This content is general information and not a substitute for individual medical advice. Please consult a GP for your personal situation.
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